The British Rule
Modern History has its own importance in SSC CGL. A lot of question is asked every year from British Governor Generals and Viceroys of India.So, daily we will be posting two or three viceroys and few important points about them.
Lord Wellesley (1798-1809)
- He started the concept of Subsidiary alliance system in the year 1798 under which the British forces expanded in whole India and the whole expense of the forces was beared by the King himself.
- The Nizams of Hyderabad were the first ruler who excepted the subsidiary alliance system.
- 4th Anglo-Mysore war was fought in 1799 and Tipu Sultan was killed.
Sir George Burlow (1805 – 1807)
- First Sipahi Vidroh – The “Mutiny of Sepoys” took place in the year 1806 at vellore (T.N) on the issue of the dress code. However the mutiny was very small and was suppressed by the Britishers in only few days.
Lord Minto I (1807-1813)
- He signed the famous Treaty of Amritsar in the year 1809 with Maharaja Ranjeet Singh after which it was decided that the Sikh empire will be concentrated upto the Satluj River.
- He passed the charter Act of 1813. Under this: (a) The Britishers decided to give 1 lakh Rs. every year for education in India.(b) The trading Monopoly of the Britishers ended in India except trading of Tea & opium and trading with China.
Lord William Bentinck (1828 – 1835)
- Starting of the Brahmo Samaj in the year 1828 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. “Mughal king Akbar-II gave him title Raja”.
- Abolition of the “Sati Practice” in 1829 on the efforts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
- Suppression of Thugs, 1830.
- He declared “English” as the official language of India in the year 1835, on the advice of Lord Macaulay(Father of India Judicial System).
- He passed the Charter Act of 1833. Under this:-(a)The trading Monopoly of the Britishers Completely ended in India.(b)The post of Governor General of Bengal ended and the Governor General of India started. Thus he became the first “Governor General of India”.
Sir Charles Metcalfe (1835-1836)
- He removed all the restrictions on the vernacular press Act and made the press Independent. Owe to this he is known as “Liberator of Press in India”.However, he was removed from his post.
Lord Dalhousie (1848-1856)
- He started the first Indian Railways 16 April 1853 from “Bombay to Thane”.
- He started the first Telegraph Service of India, 1853 from “Calcutta to Agra”.
- He issued the first Postal Stamp of India (1854).
- He started the Public Works Department (PWD) in India.
- He started the first Engineering College at Roorkee. (Presently IIT Roorkee)
- He made Shimla as summer capital.
- He passed the “Widow Remarriage Act”1856 on the efforts of “Eshwar Chandra Vidyasagar”.
- He appointed the Education Commission known as “Wood’s Dispatch” in 1854 in order to improve the university level education in India.
- He passed “Doctrine of Lapse”, under this the adopted son of the king, after the death of his father cannot become the king and the whole empire will be under the Britishers. Under this policy he captured
- Satara → 1848
- Sambalpur & Jaitapur → 1849
- Udaipur → 1852
- Jhansi → 1853(Lakshmi Bai was killed by Sir Hugh Rose)
- Nagpur → 1854
- Awadh (Wajid Ali Shah) →1856
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