General Science Questions for Railway 2018:
Railway Board offers opulent and revered job posts to its aspirants. And it is not every year that we get the notification from Railway offering a good number of vacant seats to the multitude aspirants. But the current year 2018 brought a pleasant surprise with almost 90,000 seats to be filled by the valid candidates. Opportunity is here but you have to welcome it with a provident strategy. The exam will be conducted in the months of April and May 2018.
Q1. Pencillin is extracted from-
पेनिसिलिन का उद्धरण होता है –
(a) yeast/ ख़मीर
(b) algae/ शैवाल
(c) fungus / कवक
(d) lichen/ लाइकेन
Sol. Penicillin is produced from the genus of fungi “penicillia”. All penicillin are a-lactam antibiotics and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms
Q2. Which wood will become useless soon after exposing in the open air?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी लकड़ी खुली हवा में प्रकट होने के तुरंत बाद बेकार हो जाएगी
(a) Soft wood/ नरम लकड़ी
(b) Fibrous wood/ रेशेदार लकड़ी
(c) Wet wood / गीली लकड़ी
(d) Hard wood/ सख्त लकड़ी
Sol. Wood is a porous material and will absorb moisture from the air, Moisture is attracted to the walls of the tubes that make up the wood. Wood will only decay if it is in contact with the ground or wetted by an external source of moisture. Wood-inhabiting fungi are small plants that lack chlorophyll and use wood as their food source. All fungi require moisture, oxygen, warmth, and food.
Q3. Pituitary gland is located in-
पिट्यूटरी ग्रंथि स्थित है-
(a) brain/ मस्तिष्क
(b) kidney/ गुर्दा(वृक्क)
(c) liver/ यकृत
(d) intestine/ आंत
Sol. The pituitary gland is located in brain.
Q4. Why radiologists do not take direct X-ray photographs of intestine?
रेडियोलॉजिस्ट आंतों का सीधी एक्स-रे फोटोग्राफ क्यों नहीं लेता है
(a) Intestines are affected by direct exposure to X-rays
एक्स-रे के प्रत्यक्ष एक्सपोज़र आंतों को प्रभावित कर सकता है
(b) X-rays can not cross intestine
एक्स-रे आंतो को पार नहीं कर सकते
(c) X-rays are not able to capture clear picture
एक्स-रे स्पष्ट तस्वीर पर कैप्चर करने में सक्षम नहीं हैं
(d) Even short exposure of X-rays causes cancer in intestine
एक्स-रे का छोटा एक्सपोज़र भी आंत में कैंसर का कारण बन सकता है
Sol. As the intestine is a soft tissue structure, it is not usually seen on a plan X-ray.
Q5. Which one of the following substances is used for preservation of food grains?
निम्न में से कौन सा पदार्थ अनाज के संरक्षण के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है?
(a) Sodium benzoate/ सोडियम बेंजोएट
(b) Vinegar/ सिरका
(c) Sodium chloride/ सोडियम क्लोराइड
Show Answer
Sol. Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC7H5O2.
Q6. Which of the following is the largest living bird?
इनमें से कौन सबसे बड़ा जीवित पक्षी है?
(a) Eagle/ ईगल
(b) Peacock/ मोर
(c) Ostrich/ शुतुरमुर्ग
(d) Kiwi/ कीवी
Sol. Ostriches are the largest living species of bird. Ostriches usually weigh 200 to 285 pounds, although some male ostriches have been recorded with weights of up to 340 pounds
Q7. A rare and endangered animal in Silent Valley is:
मौन घाटी में एक दुर्लभ और लुप्तप्राय पशु है-
(a) Musk deer/ कस्तूरी हिरन
(b) Tiger/ बाघ
(c) Lion-tailed macaque/ शेर-की पूंछ वाले मकाक
(d) Rhinosores/ गैंडा
Sol. Among the more significant inhabitants of the silent valley forests are the lion tailed macaque which is on list of endangered animal.
Q8. Which one of the following is a female sex hormone?
इनमें से कौन सी महिला सेक्स हार्मोन है
(a) Estrogen/ एस्ट्रोजेन
(b) Androgen/ एण्ड्रोजन
(c) Oxytocin/ ऑक्सीटोसिन
(d) Insulin/इंसुलिन
Sol. Estrogen is the general name for a group of hormone compounds. It is the mina sex hormone in women and is essential to the menstrual cycle.
Q9. A ‘breath test’ used by traffic police to check drunken driving uses:
यातायात पुलिस द्वारा शराबी ड्राइवर की पहचानने के लिए प्रयोग किये जाने वाले ‘breath test’ में क्या उपयोगों किया जाता है:
(a) Potassium dichromate-sulphuric acid/ पोटेशियम डाईक्रोमैट-सल्फ्यूरिक एसिड
(b) Potassium perma-nganate-sulphuric acid/ पोटेशियम परमैंगनेट-सल्फ्यूरिक एसिड
(c) turmeric on filter paper/ फिल्टर पेपर पर हल्दी
(d) silica gel coated with silver nitrate/ सिलिका जेल सिल्वर नाइट्रेट के साथ लेपित
Sol. The main constituent of alcohol is Ethanol and the concentration of ethanol in a sample can be determined by back titration with acidified potassium dichromate.
Q10. Rod shaped bacteria is called
रॉड के आकार वाले बैक्टीरिया को कहा जाता है
(a) Bacillus/ बेसिलस
(b) Spirillum/स्पेरिलम
(c) Coccus/कॉकस
(d) Coma/कोमा
Sol. Bacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria and a member of the phylum Firmicutes. Bacillus species can be obligate aerobes or facultative anaerobes, and test positive for the enzyme catalase.
Q11. Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?
निम्न में से कौन सी बीमारी वायरस के कारण होती हैं
(a) Poliomyelitis/ पोलियोमेरुरज्जुशोथ
(b) Malaria/ मलेरिया
(c) Whooping cough/ काली खांसी
(d) Ring worm/रिंग वर्म
Sol. Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an acute, viral disease spread from person to person, primarily via the fecal-oral route.
Q12. Who amongst the following was awarded Nobel Prize for path breaking contributions to develop treatment against Parkinson’s disease?
पार्किंसंस रोग के विरुद्ध उपचार के विकास के लिए निम्नलिखित में से किसने नोबेल पुरस्कार से सम्मानित किया?
(a) Arvid Carlsson/ अरविद कार्ल्ससन
(b) Walter Kohn/ वॉल्टर कोहन
(c) Robert B. Laughlin/ रॉबर्ट बी लोहलीन
(d) Ferid Murad/ फ़ेरिड मुराड
Sol. Arvid Carlsson is a Swedish neuropharmacologist who is best known for his work with the neurotransmitter dopamine and its effects in Parkinson’s disease.
Q13. Night blindness results from the deficiency of-
रात की अंधापन निम्न में से किसकी कमी की वजह होता है –
(a) Glucose/ ग्लूकोज
(b) Vitamin-E/ विटामिन-ई
(c) Vitamin-B2/ विटामिन बी-2
(d) Vitamin-A/ विटामिन-ए
Sol. Cause of night blindness is a deficiency of retinol, or vitamin A, found in fish oils, liver and dairy products. Nyctalopia also called “Night Blindness” is a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in relatively low light. It is a symptom of several eye diseases.
Q14. Adherent mucoid alkaline substance covering the inner lining of stomach is to:
पेट के अंदरूनी आवरण को कवर करने वाला आंशिक मूकोइड क्षारीय पदार्थ ____________ के लिए होता है:
(a) digest starch/ डाइजेस्ट स्टार्च
(b) act against bacteria/ बैक्टीरिया के खिलाफ कार्य
(c) prevent the action of pepsin of mucosa/ म्यूकोसा के पेप्सिन की कार्रवाई को रोकना
(d) prevent viral infection/ वायरल संक्रमण रोकना
Sol. The primary function of the adherent mucus gel layer is a structural one to create a stable, unstirred layer to support surface neutralization of acid and act as a protective physical barrier against luminal pepsin.
Q15. Which was the first antibiotic?
निम्न में से कौन सा पहला एंटीबायोटिक था?
(a) Terramycin/टेरामायसिन
(b) Neomycin/नियोमायसिन
(c) Penicilin/पेनिसिलिन
(d) Streptomycin/ स्ट्रेप्टोमाइसिन
Sol. Penicillin is a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. They include penicillin G, procaine penicillin, benzathine penicillin, and penicillin V. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases.
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