General Science Questions for Railway 2018:
Railway Board offers opulent and revered job posts to its aspirants. And it is not every year that we get the notification from Railway offering a good number of vacant seats to the multitude aspirants. But the current year 2018 brought a pleasant surprise with almost 90,000 seats to be filled by the valid candidates. Opportunity is here but you have to welcome it with a provident strategy. The exam will be conducted in the months of April and May 2018.
Q1. The material used in the fabrication of a transistor is –
एक ट्रांजिस्टर के निर्माण में प्रयुक्त पदार्थ है:
(a) Aluminum/अल्युमीनियम
(b) Copper/तांबा
(c) Silicon/सिलिकॉन
(d) Silver/चांदी)
Sol.The fabrication of the transistor is the process of creating the transistor that is used in electrical and electronics circuit. Transistors are made from very pure silicon or germanium, but certain other semiconductor materials can also be used.
Q2. In which of the following processes is energy released?
निम्न में से किस प्रक्रिया में ऊर्जा का उत्सर्जन होता है?
(a) Respiration/श्वसन
(b) Photosynthesis/प्रकाश संश्लेषण
(c) evaporating liquid water/तरल पानी वाष्पीकरण
(d) Absorption/अवशोषण
Sol. Respiration is the process in which energy is released.
Q3. If a boy is sitting in a train, which is moving at a constant velocity throws a ball straight up into the air, the ball will –
यदि एक लड़का एक ट्रेन में बैठा है, जो निरंतर वेग पर चल रही है, और उसके द्वारा एक गेंद को सीधे हवा में फेंकने है, तो गेंद –
(a) fall in front of him/उसके सामने गिरेगी
(b) fall behind him /उसके पीछे गिरेगी
(c) fall into hand /हाथ में गिरेगी
(d) None of the above /उपरोक्त में से कोई भी नहीं
Sol.If a boy is sitting in a train, which is moving at a constant velocity throws a ball straight up into the air, the ball will fall into his hand.
Q4. Light from the Sun reaches Earth in about:
सूर्य से प्रकाश पृथ्वी पर कितनी देर में पहुंचता है:
(a) 2 minutes / मिनट
(b) 4 minutes / मिनट
(c) 8 minutes / मिनट
(d) 16 minutes / मिनट
Sol. The sunlight takes about 500 second or 8 minutes (apx) to reach to the earth.
Q5. When light waves pass from air to glass the variable affected are-
जब हल्के तरंगों को हवा से कांच तक पहुंचा जाता है तो ______ प्रभावित होते हैं-
(a) Wavelength, frequency and velocity /तरंगदैर्ध्य, आवृत्ति और वेग
(b) Velocity and frequency/वेग और आवृत्ति
(c) Wavelength and frequency/तरंगदैर्ध्य और आवृत्ति
(d) Wavelength and velocity/तरंग दैर्ध्य और वेग
Sol. When light passes from air to glass or one medium to another, then the frequency of the light remains constant but wavelength and velocity are changed.
Q6. Total internal reflection can take place when light travels from:
कुल आंतरिक प्रतिबिंब तब हो सकता है जब प्रकाश ________ से यात्रा कर रहा है:
(a) Diamond to glass/डायमंड से कांच
(b) Water to glass/ग्लास से पानी
(c) Air to water/पानी से हवा
(d) Air to glass/ग्लास से हवा
Sol. Total internal reflection takes place when a ray of light is travelling from denser to thinner medium and angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, the ray is completely reflected from surface and meet each other as if the surface is a mirror. So according to options, the situation of option (a) is correct where total internal reflection takes place, it is because diamond is denser than glass.
Q7. Which one of the following phenomenon is used in optical fibres?
ऑप्टिकल फाइबर में निम्न में से कौन सी घटना का उपयोग किया जाता है?
(a) Interference /हस्तक्षेप
(b) Refraction/अपवर्तन
(c) Total internal reflection/कुल आंतरिक प्रतिबिंब
(d) Polarisation/ध्रुवीकरण
Sol. The optical fibre is a very thin strand of glass or plastic cable for transmitting light from one point to another. They work on he principle of total internal reflection. There is no loss of signal through an optical fibre.
Q8. Waves used for telecommunication are-
दूरसंचार के किस प्रकार की तरंगों का उपयोग किया जाता हैं –
(a) Visible light /दृश्य प्रकाश
(b) Infrared/इन्फ्रारेड
(c) Ultraviolet/पराबैंगनी
(d) Microwave/माइक्रो तंरग
Sol. The microwaves are high-frequency signals in the 300 MHz to 300 Ghz range. The signals can carry thousands of channels at the same time, making it a very versatile communication system. Microwave is often used for point-to-point telecommunications. Today microwave is employed by telecommunication industry in the form of both terrestrial relays and satellite communication.
Q9 A dynamo which is said to generate electricity actually acts as a
बिजली उत्पन्न करने वाला डायनेमो वास्तव में किसके रूप में कार्य करता है:-
(a) Source of ions/आयनों का स्रोत
(b) Source of electric charge/विद्युत आवेग का स्रोत
(c) Converter of energy/ऊर्जा के परिवर्त्तक
(d) Source of electrons/इलेक्ट्रॉनों के स्रोत
Sol. A dynamo, which is also known as an electrical generator produces direct current through a commutator. It is basically a device which converts mechanical rotation into electric current according to Faraday’s law.
Q10. The technique used to transmit audio signals in television broadcast is-
टेलीविज़न प्रसारण में ऑडियो सिग्नल संचारित करने के लिए किस तकनीक का इस्तेमाल होता है –
(a) Amplitude modulation/आयाम मॉड्यूलन
(b) Pulse code modulation/पल्स कोड मॉडुलेशन
(c) Frequency modulation/आवृति मॉडुलेशन
(d) Time dimension multiplication/समय आयाम बहुलीकरण
Sol. Television broadcasts emit two types of signals, audio and visual. These two signals require modulation to transmit both signals at the same time. Analog television requires transmission that uses specific modulation methods employing AM and FM signals in its transmission. Frequency modulation or FM is used for the audio part of the transmission. Amplitude modulation or AM is used in the video transmission.
Q11. Dynamo:-
डायनेमो:-
(a) Converts electric energy into mechanical energy /विद्युत ऊर्जा को यांत्रिक ऊर्जा में रूपांतरित करता है
(b) Converts chemical energy into electric energy/ रासायनिक ऊर्जा को विद्युत ऊर्जा में रूपांतरित करता है
(c) Converts mechanical energy into electrical energy/यांत्रिक ऊर्जा को विद्युत ऊर्जा में रूपांतरित करता है
(d) Converts electrical every into chemical energy/प्रत्येक को रासायनिक ऊर्जा में परिवर्तित करता है
Sol. A dynamo is an electrical generator that produces direct current with the use of a commutator. It converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Q12. The fuel used in Fast Breeder Test Reactor at Kalpakkam is
कल्पक्कम में फास्ट ब्रीडर टेस्ट रिएक्टर में इस्तेमाल होने वाला ईंधन कौन सा है?
(a) Enriched Uranium/ समृद्ध यूरेनियम
(b) Thorium/थोरियम
(c) Plutonium /प्लूटोनियम
(d) Tungsten/टंगस्टन
Sol. The reactor’s design is based on the French reactor Rhapsody, with several modifications. Plutonium-uranium mono-carbide developed indigenously as the driver fuel and went critical on 18th October, 1985.
रेडियोधर्मी पदार्थ क्या उत्सर्जित करता है –
(a) Alpha rays/अल्फा किरणें
(b) Beta rays/बीटा किरणें
(c) Gamma rays /गामा किरणें
(d) All the above/उपर्युक्त सभी
Sol. Radioactive elements are elements that have an unstable nucleus. When the nuclei are considered unstable, they radiate alpha, beta and Gamma radiation and is converted into a stable element. This type of radiation is invisible for naked eye.
Q14. What are the links between Dhruva, Purnima and Cirus?
ध्रुव, पूर्णिमा और सायरस के बीच क्या संबंध हैं?
(a) They are Indian research reactors/यह भारतीय अनुसंधान रिएक्टर हैं
(b) They are stars/यह तारे हैं
(c) These are names of famous books/यह प्रसिद्ध किताबों के नाम हैं
(d) They are power plants/यह बिजली संयंत्र हैं
Sol. Dhruva, Purnima, and Cirus are Indian research reactors.
Q15. What happens if the control rods are not used in a nuclear reactor?
यदि परमाणु रिएक्टर में कण्ट्रोल रोड्स का उपयोग नहीं किया जाता है तो क्या होता है?
(a) The reactor will stop working/रिएक्टर काम करना बंद कर देगा
(b) Chain process would go out of bounds/चेन प्रक्रिया सीमा से बाहर हो जाएगी
(c) The reactor will be slow to act/रिएक्टर कार्य करने में धीमे हो जाएगा
(d) The reactor will continue to work as it is/रिएक्टर काम करना जारी रखेंगे
Sol. Control rod constitutes a real-time control of fission Process which is crucial for both keeping the fusion chain reaction active and preventing it from accelerating beyond control. These rods are composed of chemical elements such as boron, silver, indium and cadmium.
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